An aortic aneurysm occurs when the aorta, the main blood vessel leading from the heart, weakens and bulges outward. It poses a serious risk of rupture, which can lead to life-threatening internal bleeding. Aneurysms can develop in various parts of the aorta, including the abdomen and chest. Dr Bagirath Raghuraman, Senior Consultant, Cardiology, Adult and Program Director of Heart Transplant at Narayana Health City, Bommasandra, Bengaluru shares crucial insights on Aortic Aneurysm.

Symptoms of Aortic Aneurysm
Here are the common symptoms of Aortic Aneurysm:
- Chest pain or discomfort: Especially if the aneurysm is located in the chest area.
- Abdominal or back pain: Often described as a constant, gnawing, or throbbing pain.
- Nausea, vomiting, and lightheadedness: Symptoms of a ruptured aneurysm, which requires immediate medical attention.
- Pulsating sensation in the abdomen: Feeling a strong pulsation or heartbeat in the abdomen.
- Shortness of breath: Difficulty breathing, especially if the aneurysm is pressing on the lungs.
- Hoarseness or difficulty swallowing: If the aneurysm is pressing on the nearby structures.

When an aortic aneurysm ruptures, it leads to sudden and severe internal bleeding, which can be life-threatening.

Treatment of Aortic Aneurysm:
Surgical treatment of aortic aneurysms involves either open surgery or minimally invasive endovascular repair. In open surgery, the weakened part of the aorta is replaced with a synthetic graft. Endovascular repair inserts a stent graft through small groin incisions, reinforcing the weakened vessel wall. If suitable, surgeons can perform the procedure with a catheter, placing a stent graft to reinforce weakened blood vessels. Once positioned, the stent graft expands, securing in place and minimizing the risk of aneurysm rupture.

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