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Learn how coal fired thermal power stations work! You will learn about all of a coal power plant’s main systems and components, and how they work together so we can generate electricity!

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▶️Introduction
A coal fired power station burns coal in order to generate heat which is used to generate steam. The steam is then used to rotate a steam turbine runner which is connected to a generator. The generator generates alternating current which is delivered to a transformer and finally into the grid.

The study of how electrical energy is generated is termed Power Engineering; the related industry is the Power Generation industry.

Coal fired power plants rely upon many components in order to function, the main components are:

Water Tube Boiler

Steam Turbine

Generator

Transformer – you can see our video tutorial here:

   • Transformer Parts and Functions  

Cooling Tower (larger plants use natural draft cooling towers, you can see our video tutorial for this here:

   • How Natural Draft Cooling Towers Work...  

Coal Pulveriser – you can see our video tutorial here:

   • How Vertical Grinding Mills Work (Coa...  

The water tube boiler furnace converts the coal’s chemical energy to heat (thermal energy). The water tube boiler tubes convert water to steam. A fire tube boiler is used as a standby boiler for most thermal power plants, but it does not have the steam generation capacity of a water tube boiler.

Below is a link to our fire tube boiler tutorial:

   • How Fire Tube Boilers Work (Industria...  

The steam turbine converts the energy from the steam (enthalpy) into mechanical motion (steam flowing through the turbine causes it to rotate).

The steam turbine is connected on a shaft to a generator via a gearbox. As the steam turbine runner rotates, so too does the generator rotor.

The generator converts the mechanical motion from the turbine into electrical energy, which is then dispatched to a transformer and finally the electrical grid.

Cooling towers cool the steam discharged form the low pressure turbine(s) and cause it to condense back into condensate (liquid). The condensate is then pumped back to the boiler, usually via a deaerator and other pre-heaters.

Cooling Towers (links to our video tutorials):

   • How Natural Draft Cooling Towers Work...  
   • How Cooling Towers Work (Working Prin...  
   • How Cross Flow Cooling Towers Work (E...  
   • Cooling Tower Design  
   • How Cross Flow Cooling Towers Work (E...  

In addition to the above main components, a typical coal fired power station will have fans and pumps etc. Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are used as part of the flue gas (exhaust gas) cleaning system, as are flue gas desulpherisers (flue gas desulphurisation process, or 'FGD').

Centrifugal Pump Playlist (link to our video tutorial playlist)

   • Playlist  

Multistage Centrifugal Pump (link to our video tutorial)

   • How Multistage Centrifugal Pumps Work  

Condenser (shell and tube heat exchanger playlist)

   • Playlist  

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