How does diabetes interfere with blood pressure?
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Understand the truth behind the link between chronic high blood sugar and high blood pressure.

1) Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries as it circulates through your body. The more blood your heart pumps, and the narrower your arteries are… the higher your blood pressure will be.

2) A “normal” blood pressure reading is 120 millimeters of mercury of systolic pressure or lower, and 80 millimeters of mercury of diastolic pressure or lower.

3) The most common early warning signs of high blood pressure include headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, chest pain, shortness of breath, a lack of good sleep, chronic nausea and vomiting, and even nosebleeds. Having chronic high blood pressure can result in more serious issues, including vision loss, aneurysms, kidney damage, plus major strokes, heart attacks, and heart failure.

4) Studies on twins and families have shown that genetic factors account for approximately 30% to 50% of the variation in blood pressure levels. Researchers have identified several specific genes that are associated with the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM, or RAAS, which plays a crucial role in regulating your blood pressure, as it controls the balance of fluid and salt in your body.

5) Hyperglycemia can damage the ENDOTHELIAL LINING of smaller blood vessels, leading to decreased blood flow and impaired vascular function. And when smaller blood vessels become compromised, it can cause larger arteries to stiffen and narrow.

6) Insulin resistance can lead your body to produce extra insulin, and increased insulin production can cause SODIUM RETENTION in your kidneys. Studies show that, in the presence of insulin resistance, sodium retention is a major contributor to elevated blood pressure. Insulin resistance has also been found to lead to elevated cholesterol levels, which can cause ARTERIAL PLAQUE BUILD-UP, further increasing the risk of hypertension.

7) Studies show that nearly 75% of adult diabetics also suffer from hypertension. And the risk of hypertension increases with age, duration of a diabetes diagnosis, and a higher body mass index.

8) Research shows that regular exercise can strengthen your heart and reduce your blood pressure by 5 to 8 millimeters of mercury. Doctors recommend limiting your daily dose of sodium to 2,300 milligrams, and older adults are often told to cut their intake down to just 1,500 milligrams. Research shows that even a small reduction in your salt consumption can lower your blood pressure by 5 millimeters of mercury.