Autologous stem cell transplantation is a crucial procedure used primarily for patients battling cancers like multiple myeloma and certain types of lymphoma. This method involves harvesting the patient's stem cells, treating them with high-dose chemotherapy, and reintroducing them to the patient's body. Dr Sisir Kumar Patra, a Consultant in Hematology, Haemato Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant at Narayana Hospital, Howrah, outlines the use and process of autologous stem cell transplantation.

Dr Patra explains that this type of transplantation is generally recommended for patients who do not respond well to the initial chemotherapy treatments or who relapse after a period of remission. It's particularly effective in managing conditions such as Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also utilised for multiple myeloma patients as an upfront treatment after they achieve remission through conventional chemotherapy.

The process begins with the patient entering remission through standard chemotherapy and then collecting stem cells from their body. These cells are then preserved and later infused back into the patient after they undergo a high-dose chemotherapy regimen, known as conditioning chemotherapy. This step is crucial as it aims to eliminate any remaining cancer cells.

Autologous stem cell transplantation is considered a less complex procedure than allogeneic transplantation (where cells are sourced from a donor), and it is marked by a shorter recovery period in the hospital. This procedure is typically employed post-relapse for diseases like acute promyelocytic leukaemia, highlighting its role in treatment plans where other therapies might fail.

Dr Patra emphasises that this approach extends remission periods and significantly enhances the overall survival and quality of life for patients, making it a pivotal treatment strategy in oncological therapies. Understanding this process can help patients and their families prepare for what to expect and discuss their treatment options more confidently with their healthcare providers.

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Timestamp:
00:00 - Introduction
00:10 - Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
00:28 - When Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation deformed