Elon Musk & NASA Reveals How We’ll Access The Water On Mars

Though it might seem like the last place to go for water, the Red Planet truly has a vast amount of water trapped in ice. This is evident in the bone-dry desert of present-day Mars. However, how would NASA plan to access this water? Let’s find out in today’s episode!

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Though it may have been a few billion years ago, Mars isn't the greatest place to drink water today.

There once was an everywhere ocean, rivers, and lakes on the red planet. The Martian atmosphere was then destroyed by charged particles from the Sun known as the solar wind. All of the surface liquid water evaporated into space, combined with minerals, or fled underground to form water ice as the planet's shielding atmosphere weakened.

Now, where's all the leftover water from Mars these days? How does scientists and aspiring explorers benefit from knowing its location?

Water exists on Mars, and these regions are useful for looking for evidence of past or possibly current life. It also helps Martian explorers to know where to obtain water that can be turned into drinking water, air, and rocket fuel, as it takes supply ships several months to journey from Earth to Mars.

A lake or other body of liquid water on Mars would be an invaluable resource and a highly researched topic.

Scientists reported in 2018 that they may have discovered such a reservoir beneath the south polar cap of Mars. Using its radar, the Mars Express spacecraft of the European Space Agency found bright reflections originating from below the polar cap, suggesting the possibility of a subterranean lake.

Similar in size, Lake Vostok is located 3.7 kilometers (2 miles) below Antarctica on Earth. Normally, Lake Vostok would be too cold to be liquid, but the high concentration of salt prevents it from freezing. There are a plethora of species in the lake.

Is there anything comparable happening on Mars? A lake beneath Mars' south polar cap would need to be extremely salty, and volcanic activity could be able to provide some extra heating to keep it from freezing.

Scientists reported in 2021 that they had found more such light spots at the south pole with Mars Express. There are those that are really near the surface when the temperature drops to an extremely cold -63 degrees Celsius (-81 degrees Fahrenheit). In such a cold place, no salty water could remain liquid.

Two studies that were published three days apart in September 2022 provided contradicting evidence for and against the initial Mars Express findings. According to one paper, rather than liquid water, the bright signal might have been created by a particularly unique layering of minerals and frozen carbon dioxide.

Using data from NASA's Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft, which operated on Mars from 1997 to 2006, another study examined the topography of the area in greater detail. According to that paper, the regions observed above subterranean Earth lakes had similarities to the landscape above the speculated Mars lake.
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