Martin Seligman defines pessimism and optimism in terms of our explanatory styles or attributional styles. Learn the Three Ps, Permanence, Pervasiveness and Personalization, that determine whether we have pessimistic or optimistic explanatory style, and how pessimism leads to depression, while optimism leads to hope and resilience. Check out my free Self-Help for Depression course at https://www.selfhelptoons.com/depression and if you'd like to support my channel, please see the links below ⬇️⬇️
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Related:
▶️ Learned Helplessness And Depression    • Learned Helplessness And Depression  
▶️ How to be More Optimistic and Less Depressed    • Tips to be More Optimistic and Less D...  
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References:
Abramson, L. Y., Seligman, M. E., & Teasdale, J. D. (1978). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87(1), 49–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.87....

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