Your question: "I came across some websites showing things that take a person outside of Islam. Three of them are obvious things like kufr, shirk and hypocrisy, but others include things like saying, what is haram is halal and vice versa. What's your opinion on this?"

Dr. Shabir Ally says that in the Quran, there is a clear distinction between faith and disbelief. Disbelief isn't just a slip of the tongue or a view a person has; it's denial of God, assigning partners with God, etc. Once someone is following the faith of Islam, the Quranic paradigm is that this person is a Muslim. Mainstream Muslim scholars have been loathe to declare that somebody isn't a Muslim because they don't know what's in the heart of that person. Dr. Shabir says that if we are sincerely holding to a position that we have arrived at through study and investigation which is contrary to what mainstream Muslim hold, that doesn't necessarily mean the position is wrong, and we shouldn't consider ourselves to be falling into disbelief or leaving the community as a result of that position. Historically, scholars have held conflicting positions, and one of those positions became acceptable and widely disseminated over time while other positions held by highly regarded people were discarded, not necessarily because they were poorer arguments based on weaker evidence, but for a variety of reasons, including political reasons.


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