This animation shows how the enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain harvest energy from cofactor molecules to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane and establish a chemical gradient. It is the fourth of six animations about cellular respiration.

To view the rest of this series on cellular respiration, go to the full playlist at:
   • Cellular Respiration  

To view a specific part of the series, use the following links:

Part 1: Glycolysis
   • Glycolysis | HHMI BioInteractive Video  
Part 2: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
   • Pyruvate Dehydrogenase | HHMI BioInte...  
Part 3: Citric Acid Cycle
   • Citric Acid Cycle | HHMI BioInteracti...  
Part 4: Electron Transport Chain
   • Electron Transport Chain | HHMI BioIn...  
Part 5: ATP Synthase
   • ATP Synthesis | HHMI BioInteractive V...  
Part 6: ATP in Use
   • ATP in Use | HHMI BioInteractive Video  

For more information and related materials for this animation, visit HHMI BioInteractive:

https://www.biointeractive.org/classr...