How Gyroscopes Balance
James Bruton James Bruton
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 Published On Aug 15, 2023

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I was recently looking at the new Legend of Zelda Tears of the Kingdom game. It has loads of gadgets which you can use to complete the game including a Cart, Sled, Fan, a Spring, and Shock and Beam Emitters. There’s also a Stabliser device which basically makes things go upright so vehicles can be made more stable, and you ca also use it to make a catapult.
I started to wonder if this would work in real life, and I also remembered that I needed a way to make walking robots more stable, like my tripod robot, so it doesn’t have to be as dynamic and has more time to take steps.
I previously experimented with some small stabilisers which used gyroscopes to make wheeled robots balance, so that seems like a good place to start.
A spinning mass produces something called gyroscopic precession. We’ve all seen spinning tops standing on their end. However, if you start locking any of the axis then they won’t stand up anymore, so we need to be a bit more clever if we want to use a gyroscope to stabilise a robot and have control over it.
If we move one axis of a gyroscopic, then the precession causes a force in a perpendicular axis. This is because the spinning force and the control axis force combine resulting in a force 90 degrees around the gyroscope.

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