Firefighting foam, also known as fire foam or extinguishing foam, is a substance used to suppress fires by smothering them and preventing oxygen from reaching the fuel source. It rapidly expands when applied, forming a blanket or barrier that suffocates the flames. Foam is particularly effective for extinguishing liquid fuel fires, such as those involving gasoline or oil, as it can float on the surface and seal off the fuel vapors. It comes in various types, including protein-based, synthetic-based, and fluorine-free foams, each designed for specific applications and environmental considerations