Presenters Karandeep Singh, MD, MMSc (Assistant Professor, Learning Health Sciences, Internal Medicine, Urology, and Information), and Maggie Makar, PhD (Presidential Postdoctoral Fellow, Computer Science and Engineering), discuss the limitations of using electronic health records (EHR) and the distinctions between artificial intelligence (AI), data science, machine learning (ML), and informatics. They explain how AI, ML, data science, and informatics work together to create clinical decision alerts, and their implications on practice.