This is a snippet from Dr. Jeffrey E. Deyo’s Hematology lecture in MedStudy’s 2023-2024 Pediatrics Video Board Review. https://medstudy.com/products/pediatr...

ANEMIA
Anemia Overview
• Anemia — production or destruction
• Production problems
– Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., iron, B12, folate)
– Infiltration (leukemia, lymphoma)
– Bone marrow failure
• Destruction problems
– Bad hemoglobin (hemoglobinopathies)
– Membrane defects (spherocytosis)
– Enzyme deficiencies
(G6PD, pyruvate kinase deficiency)
– Autoantibodies
• Anemia — micro-, macro-, or normocytic
• Microcytic anemia
– Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)
– Anemia of chronic disease (can be normocytic)
– Thalassemias
– Important to distinguish IDA from thalassemia
• Macrocytic anemia
– B12 deficiency
– Folate deficiency
– Drug effects
– Bone marrow failure syndromes
• Normocytic anemia
– Systemic disease

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