In 1524, Giovanni da Verrazano, an Italian explorer of North America, in the service of King Francis I of France, discovered New York Harbor. In 1609, an English sea explorer and navigator named Henry Hudson sailed up the Hudson River. Then in 1624, the Dutch founded the first permanent trading post. The Dutch built a little town on the southern tip of Manhattan Island, which was called New Amsterdam, and it flourished by selling skins. The settlers sold otter, beaver, mink, and seal skins.
In 1626, the settlement’s first governor-general, Peter Minuit, purchased the much larger Manhattan Island from the natives for 60 guilders in trade goods such as tools, farming equipment, cloth, and wampum (shell beads).
The first enslaved Black people arrived in 1628. Enslaved people played a major role in building the colony. In 1635 the Dutch built a fort called Fort Amsterdam, which the British later renamed Fort George.

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