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Do you know what is a 4/3 spool valve and how it works?
Are you able to read a complex spool valve symbol?
Can we use Normally Open or Normally Closed expressions for a directional control valve?

In a previous video, you learned the directional control valve classification and talked about their actuation methods as well.

👉 What is a Directional Control Valve ▶    • Directional Control Valves (Hydraulic...  

In this video, I’m going to answer those questions and talk about a more common Directional Control Valves classification method in the automation industry that I strongly believe will help you a lot, in practice.

Spool valves as a subcategory of directional control valves are central to every hydraulic and pneumatic system.

For instance, they are a part of a scissors lift’s hydraulic power system. Or take our previous video’s example for a pneumatic spool valve to control the material coming out of a silo or a hopper.

👉 Directional Control Valve Working Animation (5/2 Solenoid Valve) ▶ https://upmation.com/directional-cont...

The general components of a spool valve are as follows:

- A spool which is a cylindrical component
- The operator which we have talked about it extensively in the previous video and of course, there might be more than one operator
- Body or housing
- Maybe springs on one or both ends

The spool moves within the bore of the housing. Some holes are machined on the body of the housing to open the fluid passages into or from the valve.

Some holes are machined within the bore of the housing that are known as ports. Spool Valve ports are connected to the other hydraulic or pneumatic circuit components.

The spool is a cylindrical shaft that as you see, has some lands and undercuts to block or open the paths for the fluid toward the power components in the circuit and vice versa.

The term ‘Directional Control Valve’ or the term ‘Spool Valve’ is a very general expression to describe a valve. This is a so-called 3/2 directional control valve or a 3/2 spool valve.

To be more specific, we use numbers. But, what do these numbers mean?

Please watch this video to find out and let us know what you think.

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Timestamps of this video:

00:00 Introduction and Preview
00:52 Spool Valve application examples and overview of a hydraulic system
01:55 Spool Valves inner components and structure
2:53 Why do we call it 3/2 Spool Valve (3/2 Solenoid Valve)?
4:33 How to read Spool Valve Symbols?
6:36 Spool Valve Types in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems
7:25 Normally Open vs. Normally Closed Solenoid Valve (Spool Valve)
9:13 Yet, another Spool Type Valve classification

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