Multiple Choice Questions with Answers and Explanation
Part 02 (25 MCQs)
Polysaccharides
Homopolysaccharides
Heteropolysaccharides

Polysaccharides are large molecules made up of many sugar molecules linked together. They are the most abundant type of carbohydrate in living organisms.
Polysaccharides can be classified as homopolysaccharides or heteropolysaccharides. Homopolysaccharides are made up of only one type of sugar molecule, while heteropolysaccharides are made up of two or more different types of sugar molecules.
Polysaccharides have many important functions in living organisms. They can be used for energy storage, structural support, and signaling.
Here are some examples of polysaccharides:

Starch: The main storage form of carbohydrates in plants.
Cellulose: The main structural component of plant cell walls.
Glycogen: The main storage form of carbohydrates in animals.
Chitin: The main structural component of insect exoskeletons and crustacean shells.
Hyaluronic acid: A major component of synovial fluid, which lubricates joints.
Heparin: An anticoagulant that prevents blood clots.
Chondroitin sulfate: A major component of the extracellular matrix of cartilage.
Keratin sulfate: A major component of the extracellular matrix of hair, nails, and feathers.
Polysaccharides are essential molecules for life. They play a vital role in many biological processes, and they are a major source of energy for living organisms.

Homopolysaccharides are polysaccharides that are made up of only one type of monosaccharide.

Starch is a homopolysaccharide of glucose that is found in plants. It is the main storage form of carbohydrates in plants.
Cellulose is a homopolysaccharide of glucose that is found in plants. It is the main structural component of plant cell walls.
Glycogen is a homopolysaccharide of glucose that is found in animals. It is the main storage form of carbohydrates in animals.
Chitin is a homopolysaccharide of N-acetylglucosamine that is found in insects, crustaceans, and other animals. It is the main structural component of insect exoskeletons and crustacean shells.
Heteropolysaccharides are polysaccharides that are made up of two or more different types of monosaccharides.

Hyaluronic acid is a heteropolysaccharide of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It is found in the extracellular matrix of animals and is a major component of synovial fluid, which lubricates joints.
Heparin is a heteropolysaccharide of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It is found in the liver and lungs and is used as an anticoagulant to prevent blood clots.
Chondroitin sulfate is a heteropolysaccharide of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. It is found in cartilage and is a major component of the extracellular matrix of cartilage.
Keratin sulfate is a heteropolysaccharide of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. It is found in hair, nails, and feathers and is a major component of the extracellular matrix of these tissues.
Polysaccharides are important molecules in living organisms. They can be used for energy storage, structural support, and signaling.



Biochemistry
Organic Chemistry
Molecular Biology

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