The first substantial modern changes to traditional Jewish ritual and practice were the product of the Reform Movement, first in Germany and then in America. And while Reconstructionism preserved more religious tradition, its philosophy of Judaism as a religious civilization prefigured our own by thirty years. What roots can we find in these religious Judaisms, and where did our paths diverge?

This is the thirteenth session of a year-long adult learning course of "Philosophy of Secular Humanistic Judaism" offered by Rabbi Adam Chalom, Dean for North America of the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism (www.iishj.org) and Rabbi of Kol Hadash Humanistic Congregation (www.kolhadash.com). For the complete playlist for this adult learning series, visit    • Philosophy of Secular Humanistic Judaism  .

This course is based on the adult learning curriculum "Introduction to Secular Humanistic Judaism" which you can explore at https://iishj.org/publications/introd.... The two textbooks for the class are "Basic Ideas of Secular Humanistic Judaism" https://iishj.org/publications/basic-... and "Judaism in a Secular Age" https://iishj.org/publications/judais..., both available from the IISHJ directly or on Amazon.com.