Kathleen Cleaver, the Black Pather Party's communications secretary, was married to leader Eldridge Cleaver. Today, Kathleen Cleaver is a law professor and a grandmother. She says movements like Black Lives Matter need at least one key ingredient to survive: courage.

The Black Panther Party, founded in 1966, was radical, revolutionary and often controversial.

The Panthers' rapid rise was similar in some ways to Black Lives Matter. The party built to be a watchdog, made waves and headlines. They said their message was to empower every day black Americans and to confront what they saw as an epidemic of police brutality.

But tensions with law enforcement eventually escalated and the Panthers, weakened by destructive counterintelligence activities, external attacks, legal problems, and internal schisms, rapidly declined as a political force.

Although the Black Panther Party is often associated with armed resistance, it also launched more than 35 Survival Programs and provided community help, such as education, medical clinics, legal aid, transportation assistance, ambulance service, and the manufacture and distribution of free shoes to poor people. Of particular note was the Free Breakfast Program for inner city kids, serving up to 20,000 meals a week.

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About the fifth estate : For four decades The Fifth Estate has been Canada's premier investigative documentary program. Hosts Bob McKeown, Gillian Findlay and Mark Kelley continue a tradition of provocative and fearless journalism. the fifth estate brings in-depth investigations that matter to Canadians – delivering a dazzling parade of political leaders, controversial characters and ordinary people whose lives were touched by triumph or tragedy.