Make up for their penny pinching and install battery meters into your battery packs.
VIDEO DETAILS CLICK "SHOW MORE" DIRECTLY BELOW

Torx security LONG bits(short won't work in most): https://amzn.to/3q3czuS
Battery Meters from China SEE BELOW to help pick: https://bit.ly/2MP3d7M
(I have no affiliation with AliExpress but have ordered personally numerous times)


**DETAILS
It really doesn't matter what meter you put into the pack as all the cells are balance charged to an identical voltage. So taking the reading off of one or two cells will give you identical results as reading all the cells on a good pack. So buy some 3s and use them in both your 12v and 18/20v packs. These meters DON'T draw any current when not in use. I use hot glue to adhere it then seal around the top edges with GOOP/E6000/SHOEGOO https://amzn.to/38uhLSA .

Lithium cells are FULL at 4.2volts and DEAD around 3 volts with an average(nominal) voltage over it's use of 3.6volts.

*Meter SIZES*
1S lithium battery, full charge 4.2V
2S lithium battery, full charge 8.4V
3S lithium 10.8/12V tool battery, full charge 12.6V
_3S is 3 cells in series =12.6V full, 10.8v nominal and 9volts dead_
4S lithium battery, full charge 16.8V
5S lithium 18/20v tool battery, full charge 21V
_5S is 5 cells in series =21.0V fully charged, 18v nominal and 15volts dead_
6S lithium battery, 24V, full charge 25.2V
7S lithium battery, full charge 29.4V

-----NICAD NIMH packs YES these work as well. You will want to use a 1S meter BUT tie it to 3 NiCad/NiMh cells in series(or 2s to 6cells, 3s to 9cells, 4s to 12cell(14.4v) or 5s to 15cells(18v)). WHY? because 3 of these cells are 4.2volts (1.4voltx3) fully charged. That's the same as 1 lithium cell. The lithium cell is also dead around 3 volts and so is the Nicad/NiMh(1voltx3). The meter will read correctly and save you from over-discharging and destroying your NiCad/NiMh battery packs.



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