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Check out our video on Difference in Myopia and Hyperopia | Near-sighted and Far-Sighted | Class10 | Letstute CBSE

What is myopia or short sightedness and Hyperopia or Hypermetropia or long sightedness?

In the human eye, there are a lot of different parts, but we are focused on the lens and the ciliary muscles which helps us to see near and far objects. When you are looking at something which is far away, the ciliary muscle stretches the lens and reduces the focal length which makes the object clear and when the objects are close, the ciliary muscles compress and increase the focal length.

When the light falls on the lens, it converges and forms an inverted image on the retina. This image is later made erect in the brain and that’s how we see the world.

Now what is myopia or short sightedness?
Now in the case of myopia or short sightedness, the image is formed in front of the retina instead of the retina. In this case people can see close objects clearly but the objects which are farther away are blurry. This happens due to elongated eyeballs and because of that, the distance between the lens and the retina is increased which makes the light rays converge in front of the retina. In the case of nearer objects, this doesn’t happen. The light rays get converged on the retina and hence they can see closer objects clearly. This can be corrected with the simple use of a concave lens.

What is Hyperopia or Hypermetropia or long sightedness?
The opposite of myopia is hyperopia, where the image is formed behind the retina and because of this, objects which are far can be seen clearly and objects which are close are blurry. The reason for the defect is that the eyeball is compressed and the focal length is reduced which causes the focal point to fall behind the retina. This can be corrected with the simple use of a convex lens
The difference between myopia and hyperopia is also dealt in this video.

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