Kleopatra VII (69 BC - 30 BC) is known as the last ruler of Ancient Egypt from the Ptolemaic dynasty and historically, she is the most famous Cleopatra. Descending from the Ptolemaic dynasty, Kleopatra was the final representative of the empire, which extended its boundaries to the west, Libya, and the southern borders of Sudan. Her name reflects the tradition of the Ptolemaic dynasty, which consisted of Ancient Greek-origin rulers in Egypt.

Upon the death of her father, XII. Ptolemy, Kleopatra ascended to the throne of Egypt. However, the history of rulership in Egypt was often marked by conflicts between siblings. Kleopatra found herself in a struggle for the throne with her brother XIII. Ptolemy, and during this process, she encountered the influence of Rome.

During that period, Egypt had fallen within the sphere of influence of the Roman Republic. Kleopatra sought to gain political power by establishing a relationship with one of Rome's prominent generals, Julius Caesar. This relationship reached its peak when Caesar came to Egypt in 48 BC. Kleopatra bore a son from her union with Caesar, but after Caesar's assassination, Kleopatra chose to remain in Egypt.

Subsequently, a relationship developed between Kleopatra and Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony). This romance became entwined with the political turmoil within Rome. In 31 BC, Kleopatra and Antony faced defeat in the Egyptian Campaign against the Roman Empire. Kleopatra's death has been the subject of numerous myths regarding immortality. According to the most widespread accounts, Kleopatra committed suicide by allowing herself to be bitten by poisonous snakes.

Kleopatra is a central figure in historical sources and legends. Her reign is considered a significant period in Egyptian history, and the personality, beauty, and intrigues of Kleopatra's life have left a profound impact on history and culture.