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In the video on what is a DDoS Attack, we learn how DDoS attacks are growing in number and strength. For our lesson on DDoS Attack Explained, we learn the working a DDoS attack, and it's various categories. We also read about the potential aims of launching DDoS Attack campaigns and some preventive measures that can be taken to safeguard data against such attacks. Finally, we have a demo where we see the effect of DoS attack on a target system by using virtual machines in this lesson on our Cyber Attacks Explained series.

00:00 Introduction
02:29 What Is a DDoS Attack?
03:55 How does DDoS Attack Work?
05:03 Types of DDoS Attacks
07:21 Aim of DDoS Attacks
08:49 Prevention of DDoS Attacks
11:47 Live Demo of DDoS Attack

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DDoS attacks stand for distributed denial of service, where multiple systems send indefinite no. of requests to a target machine, aiming to use up all its bandwidth. Doing so prevents legitimate users from accessing the target's contents, where the target is often a web server or domain. The multiple devices are a part of a botnet, which is a network of compromised devices, that can bombard the target with unauthorized requests as and when commanded by the hacker. In a DOS attack, the hacker seeks to make the resources of a particular server, database or router inaccessible to its users. This can be done by clogging the available bandwidth of the target, be it via continuous web requests or indefinite ping commands. Analogous to how blocking a shop’s door prevents potential clients from entering it, DOS attacks were a complete distress in the early days of network security. The term DDoS of DDoS attack is an acronym for ‘distributed denial of service’.

A DDoS attack is a two-phase process.
The first phase of a DDoS attack has a hacker take control of compromised devices called zombies/bots using malware or ransomware. The second phase of a DDoS attack involves these bots bombarding a target server or domain with indefinite amount of web requests. There are three types of DDoS attacks. Volumetric DDoS attacks focus on consuming all bandwidth of the target server using attacks like UDP flooding and SYN flooding. Protocol based DDoS attacks focus on getting rid of server resources like load balancers and firewalls which are employed to protect a system against a DDoS attack. Application based DDoS attacks are sophisticated attack that target application and operating system level vulnerabilities and exploits.

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