This interview is for educational purposes and covers information provided by Dr. Stuart Weinstein, MD, regarding his opinions on the natural history of scoliosis plus insights into his BrAISTS scoliosis bracing study for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.. This video is not an endorsement. Viewers should consult their physicians and treating team accordingly. See highlights via timestamps below.

Chapters:
0:51 Evolution of the Iowa Scoliosis Natural History Studies.
2:17 Tacking of an untreated scoliosis group started in 1976.
3:29 The secret to sustaining a 50+ year natural history study.
3:53 Why knowing the natural history of a disease is important.
4:17 Early views on the natural history of scoliosis were disastrous and incorrect.
5:55 How many patients are still participating in the long term natural history study?
6:11 Most of the scoliosis participants had normal lives.
6:58 Were the results of the study surprising?
7:52 Medical myths are often difficult to reverse.
8:50 Natural History of scoliosis curve progression.
10:54 Curves that are under 30 degrees at skeletal maturity will probably not get worse.
11:12 50+ degree curves at skeletal maturity, especially in the thoracic region, have a high probability of getting worse.
11:58 For curves between 30 and 50 degrees at skeletal maturity, monitor for change.
12:38 Natural history of scoliosis in immature patients.
13:49 Significant growth remaining and immaturity are higher risk factors for curve progression.
15:13 When is the right time to have surgery for mature scoliosis spines?
16:38 It is a misconception that someone has to have surgery.
18:15 Surgical indications for adult scoliosis.
19:47 Most patients in the natural history study wanted to have treatment choices when young.
20:14 Many patients were not happy with their appearance.
21:53 Perspective on fusion surgery vs natural history of scoliosis.
23:12 Today's scoliosis surgery offers better corrections & shorter segment fusion in a safe surgical environment.
25:57 Indications for surgery for AIS: 50+ degree curve in skeletally immature patient.
28:25 Parameters for scoliosis bracing.
30:08 BrAIST Study provided level 1 evidence that bracing works for scoliosis.
31:01 Bracing indications are for curves over 20 and under 40 degrees in skeletally immature children.
32:38 BrAIST study was for full time bracing at 14-16 hours/day.
33:38 Physiotherapy Scoliosis Specific Exercises - Schroth.
34:57 Bracing curves above 40 degrees.
36:22 Is there a preferred brace type?
39:04 Future of scoliosis bracing.
40:13 Thoracic curves have a higher probability of progression.
42:38 Other scoliosis natural history and post bracing studies.

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