The destructive eruption of Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai which occurred in January of 2022 was the largest explosive eruption of the 21st century. New research into the eruption has revealed that the tsunami it generated was initially much taller than first expected. It reached a height of 90 meters or 295 feet, just missing the threshold required to be considered a megatsunami. Additionally, this paper revealed that there were indeed 2 separate tsunamis; one was generated by the shockwave and the other by pyroclastic flows.

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Graphics of eruption dates are courtesy of the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution. https://volcano.si.edu/
Images with a list of eruption dates have their dates sources from the GVP of the Smithsonian Institution.

Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers

Thumbnail Photo Credit: NOAA, Colorized by Hotspot.ai commercial license credits

Sources:
[1] M. Heidarzadeh & others, "Estimating the eruption-induced water displacement source of the 15 January 2022 Tonga...", Ocean Engineering, Volume 261, 1 October 2022, 112165, ISSN 0029-8018, DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112165 (paper is licensed under CC BY 4.0 as of the making of this video, was also given permission by the publisher to discuss this paper’s findings in depth)
[2] Díaz, J.S., Rigby, S.E., "Energetic output of the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption...", Shock Waves (2022), DOI: 10.1007/s00193-022-01092-4, CC BY 4.0
[3] Global Volcanism Program, 2013. Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.11.2 (02 Sep 2022). Venzke, E (ed.). Smithsonian Institution. Downloaded 10 Sep 2022. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.VOTW4-....
[4] Global Volcanism Program, 2013. Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (243040) in Volcanoes of the World, v. 4.11.2 (02 Sep 2022). Venzke, E (ed.). Smithsonian Institution. Downloaded 10 Sep 2022 (https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn.... https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.VOTW4-...
[5] NOAA

Special Thanks to: Shane Cronin, @scronin70 (Twitter) for spectacular volcanic sunset photos

Creative Commons Licenses:
CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Note: The main paper discussed in this video (noted as source 1) is currently licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license. Details about the water displacement, tsunami size, and confirmation of a meteo-tsunami are sourced from this paper.

0:00 Hunga Tonga Erupts
0:23 Size of the Eruption
0:43 Sound of the Eruption
1:43 90 m high Tsunami
2:30 Meteotsunami
3:07 Formation of the 2nd Tsunami