Modern study of depression only began in the 1960s and 1970s. Most people suffering from depression seek care from their primary care physicians who may lack the sophistication necessary to treat this complicated disorder.

During any given year about 4-6% of the population experiences depression. Onset typically begins between ages 18-43 years with a smaller peak late in life. Depression attacks women twice as frequently as men.

Episodes tend to begin gradually and last an average of 3-6 months. Recurrences appear extremely common with approximately 4 episodes during an average lifetime. Unfortunately some progress to chronic depression with symptoms present in excess of 3 years.

The major complication of depression continues to be suicide even among those on therapy. A majority of those with depression experience pain and many abuse alcohol or opioids. Depression often occurs along with a variety of other psychiatric disorders including anxiety, PTSD and social anxiety.

Unfortunately the official criteria necessary to diagnose depression continues to change. None of the symptoms occur exclusively with depression. The cause of this disorder eludes investigators.