Following the Battle of Midway, the TBD-1 made an unceremonial exit in the United States Navy. What was the story of this maligned torpedo bomber and is its bad reputation deserved?

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⚜ Sources ⚜
Al Adcock, TBD Devastator in action, Aircraft Number 97, Squadron/Signal Publication

Alan Zimm, The Attack on Pearl Harbor - Strategy, Combat, Myths, Deceptions

Andrew Boone, Naval Influence on Aircraft Design

Barrett Tillman, TBD Devastator Units of the US Navy, Combat Aircraft 20, 2000

Barrett Tillmann & Robert Lawson, US Navy Dive and Torpedo Bombers of WWII

B.R. Jackson et al. Douglas TBD-1 Devastator, Aero Series 23, 1973

David Doyle, Douglas TBD Devastator: America's First World War II Torpedo Bomber, Schiffer Publications

Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons Volume 1, The History of VA, VAH, VAK, VAL, VAP and VFA Squadrons,

Douglas TBD-1 Devastator Pilot’s Flight Operating Instructions, 1937

Douglas TBD Devastator, Profile Publications 171

E.W. Jolie, A Brief History of U.S. Navy Torpedo Development, NUSC Technical Document 5436, Weapon System Department, 1978

Flying Machines, Jan 1942, Martin T4M

J.E. Sirmalis, The Mark 13 Aircraft-Launched Torpedo: A WWII Success Story, Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division, 1992

James A. Miller, Gaming the Interwar: How Naval War College Wargames Tilted The Playing Field for the US Navy during World War II, MA of Military Art and Science: United Staees Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland: 2001

U.S. Navy Carrier Bombers of World War II, TBD Devastator - SBD Dauntless - SB2C Helldiver - TBF/TBM Avenger, Aerodata International, Squadron/signal Publications, 1987

Ryan D. Wadle, United States Navy Fleet Problems and the Development of Carrier Aviation, 1929-1933, MA Thesis: Texas A&M University: 2005

Thomas Wildenberg, Billy Mitchell’s War with the Navy, Naval Institute Press

Norman Friedmann, US Naval Weapon, Naval Institute Press

William F. Trimble, The Naval Aircraft Factory, the American Aviation Industry, and Government Competition, 1919-1928, The Business History Review 60:2, Summer 1986, pp. 175-198

Chief of Naval Operations, Revised Naval Aeronautical Organization - Fiscal Year 1923, 1934, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930

All archive footage from NARA

#WW2 #TBD #Pacific