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The story of how the starfish got its arms reminds us that even animals that might be familiar to us today can have incredibly deep histories - ones that stretch back almost half a billion years.

Thanks to Franz Anthony for the incredible Echinoderm illustrations featured throughout this episode: https://franzanth.com/ And thanks to Dr. Sarah Sheffield, Dr. Imran Rahman, and Dr. Aaron Hunter for advising on the artwork.

Produced by Complexly for PBS Digital Studios

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References: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1h...